![\"Kad\u0131n](\"https:\/\/momslab.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/close-up-woman-holding-infertility-proof_23-2149357315-1024x682.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nKad\u0131n K\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen faaliyetlerin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131, te\u015fhis edilen kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ki t\u00fcr k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k formu vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- birincil \u2014 kad\u0131n, cinsel ya\u015fam\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan sonra bebe\u011fi ya da canl\u0131 bir bebe\u011fi do\u011furma ve d\u00fcnyaya getirme yetene\u011finden dolay\u0131 \u00e7ocuk sahibi olam\u0131yor;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- ikincil \u2014 kad\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte hamile kalm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ya da daha \u00f6nce canl\u0131 bir bebek do\u011furabilmi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen tekrar hamile kalamamas\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131n\u0131n herhangi bir sebepten dolay\u0131 rahmi veya fallop t\u00fcpleri yoksa, mutlak k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k olarak kabul edilir. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, b\u00f6yle bir kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc, bir kad\u0131n\u0131n kendi ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7ocuk ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 tamamen imkans\u0131z hale getirirdi. Ancak, \u00fcreme teknolojilerinin geli\u015fimi, \u00f6rne\u011fin IVF (in vitro fertilizasyon) y\u00f6ntemi veya ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 annelik gibi y\u00f6ntemler, bu kad\u0131nlara biyolojik olarak kendi \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n annesi olma \u015fans\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131nlarda g\u00f6receli k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n birincil ve ikincil olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, g\u00f6receli k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k gibi bir kavram da vard\u0131r. Ge\u00e7ici veya g\u00f6receli kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, genellikle \u015fu anda gebeli\u011fe engel olan nedenlerle ili\u015fkilidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, hastal\u0131k, d\u00fczenli uterus kanamalar\u0131 devam etmesine ra\u011fmen ov\u00fclasyonun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fi tek fazl\u0131 bir menstr\u00fcel d\u00f6ng\u00fc olan anovulasyonun sonucu olabilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00f6yle bir durum, ergenlik, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi veya menopoz gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli ko\u015fullar nedeniyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. G\u00f6receli kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, zaman\u0131nda ciddi bir \u015fekilde ilgilenilip, doktora ba\u015fvurularak, do\u011fru bir strateji geli\u015ftirilerek ve se\u00e7ilen tedavi konseptine s\u0131k\u0131 bir \u015fekilde uyularak a\u015f\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\"Kad\u0131n](\"https:\/\/momslab.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/beautiful-young-woman-looking-herself-reflection-mirror-home_1301-7739-683x1024.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nKad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedenleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rman\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesinde ana belirleyici fakt\u00f6r, gebe kalmaya engel olan nedenlerdir. Bunlar aras\u0131nda tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekliyle k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k da vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- Tubal-peritoneal – t\u00fcplerin i\u00e7indeki fimbrialar\u0131n i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131nda atrofik geli\u015fim veya inflamatuar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle birlikte yumurtan\u0131n ilerlemesine izin vermeyen t\u00fcplerin t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Endokrin – genellikle, yumurtal\u0131klar\u0131n t\u00fckenmesi, polikistik over sendromu varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve endokrin (tiroid bezi, hipotalamus, b\u00f6brek \u00fcst\u00fc bezleri, hipofiz bezi), endokrin olmayan organlar\u0131n (b\u00f6brekler, karaci\u011fer) i\u015flev bozuklu\u011fu patolojisinin bir sonucu olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu t\u00fcr kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, ayn\u0131 zamanda psikolojik stres, metabolik s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin bozulmas\u0131 da neden olabilir. Endokrin k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kilit noktas\u0131, ov\u00fclasyon mekanizmas\u0131ndaki bozulman\u0131n her zaman anovulasyon olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k – erkek \u00fcreme h\u00fccrelerine kar\u015f\u0131 antikor \u00fcretimi ile karakterizedir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
![\"Kad\u0131n](\"https:\/\/momslab.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/doctor-explaining-anatomic-model-patient-high-angle_23-2149351704.avif\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nK\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa neden olan di\u011fer fakt\u00f6rler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n nedenleri aras\u0131nda, embriyonun tutundu\u011fu ve 9 ay boyunca fet\u00fcs\u00fcn geli\u015fti\u011fi bir organ olan rahimin patolojisi veya yoklu\u011fu da bulunmaktad\u0131r – rahim kaynakl\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k. Bu patoloji do\u011fu\u015ftand\u0131r ve ikiye katlanm\u0131\u015f veya \u00e7ift boynuzlu rahim, i\u00e7 rahim b\u00f6lmesi gibi \u015fekillerde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir veya polipoz, miyom, uterusta yara izi veya rahmin al\u0131nmas\u0131 gibi sebeplerle sonradan da geli\u015febilir. Ayr\u0131ca, rahim i\u00e7 tabakas\u0131n\u0131n patolojik b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi olan endometriozis de rahim d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yay\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kromozom patolojisi yol a\u00e7ar. K\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa ve psikolojik formdaki infertiliteye, kad\u0131n\u0131n bebek sahibi olmay\u0131 bilin\u00e7li veya bilin\u00e7alt\u0131 olarak istememesi neden olabilir. Bazen bu hamilelik ve do\u011fum korkusudur, bazen de bu erke\u011fin \u00e7ocu\u011funa anne olmay\u0131 istememek ya da hamileli\u011fin getirebilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm de\u011fi\u015fikliklerine maruz kalmak istememektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\"Kad\u0131n](\"https:\/\/momslab.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/woman-health-female-model-holding-card-with-emoji-near-stomach-young-adult-girl-with-paper-sign-symbol-isolated-gray-studio-background-cut-out-part-body-medical-problem-solution_155003-33882-1024x682.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nKad\u0131n K\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Fakt\u00f6rleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 etkileyebilecek negatif bir fakt\u00f6r ya\u015f fakt\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr. Do\u011fum an\u0131nda, kad\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 400.000 yumurta h\u00fccresi ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak, ya\u015fla birlikte inaktif folik\u00fcl say\u0131s\u0131 artar, bu da onlar\u0131n hormonlara tepkisini azalt\u0131r. Bu nedenle, yumurta h\u00fccresi tam olgunluk evresine ula\u015famaz ve bu, ovulasyon olmayan d\u00f6ng\u00fclere sebep olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir ba\u015fka fakt\u00f6r\u00fc de “yumurta ya\u015flanmas\u0131”d\u0131r. Bununla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olan kromozomal de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, yumurtan\u0131n d\u00f6llenememesine, embriyo geli\u015fimindeki patolojilere ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcklerle sonu\u00e7lanan sorunlara yol a\u00e7ar. Fakt\u00f6rlerin s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ayr\u0131ca idiyopatik veya “nedeni a\u00e7\u0131klanamayan k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131” da i\u00e7erir. Her iki partnerin kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde incelenmesi sonucunda hamileli\u011fin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemesinin nedeni belirlenmezse bu te\u015fhis konur. Bu durum, k\u0131s\u0131r \u00e7iftlerin yakla\u015f\u0131k %5-7’sinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen, nadir olmayan bir durumdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131n K\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Belirtileri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Genellikle, \u00fcreme fonksiyonunun bozulmas\u0131 belirgin bir patognomonik belirti g\u00f6stermeden ilerler. Ancak bir kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k \u015f\u00fcphesiyle doktora ba\u015fvurursa, uzman dolayl\u0131, ikincil belirtilerle sorunu tespit edebilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- pelvik b\u00f6lgede rahats\u0131zl\u0131k veya a\u011fr\u0131 hissi;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- adet d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcnde d\u00fczensizlikler;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- bol, a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 adet d\u00f6nemleri;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- yak\u0131n akrabalarda k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k miktarda vajinal ak\u0131nt\u0131, al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f koku ve renk, bunlar iltihaplanma s\u00fcrecinin g\u00f6stergesi olabilir;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kilolu veya a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 zay\u0131f olma durumu;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- tiroid bezinin fonksiyon bozuklu\u011fu (endokrinolog takibi);<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- belirgin hirsutizm – a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 k\u0131llanma;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- erkeksi v\u00fccut tipi;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- a\u011f\u0131r akne formlar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u00fcreme sistemiyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olmayan kronik patolojiler, geli\u015fim anormalliklerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
![\"Kad\u0131n](\"https:\/\/momslab.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/medium-shot-doctor-holding-anatomic-model_23-2149351695-1024x576.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nHastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n Belirtileri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Korunmas\u0131z, d\u00fczenli cinsel ya\u015fam durumunda bir y\u0131l boyunca gebeli\u011fin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemesi, kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca belirtisidir. Bir y\u0131l s\u00fcresi, istatistiksel hesaplamalar yoluyla belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu durumu kan\u0131tlayan \u015fey, d\u00fczenli cinsel ili\u015fki s\u00fcrd\u00fcren sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 evli \u00e7iftlerin %30’unun ilk \u00fc\u00e7 ayda hamile kalmas\u0131d\u0131r. Takip eden yedi ay boyunca, \u00e7iftlerin %60’\u0131 daha \u00e7ocuk sahibi olur. D\u00fczenli cinsel ya\u015fam\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan on bir ila on iki ay sonra kalan %10’luk \u00e7iftler i\u00e7in d\u00f6llenme ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Buradan, bir y\u0131l\u0131n belirli bir \u00e7iftin \u00e7ocuk sahibi olup olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli bir s\u00fcre oldu\u011fu sonucu \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda, t\u00fcm \u00e7abalara, kontrasepsiyon eksikli\u011fine ve partnerde patoloji bulunmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen gebeli\u011fin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemesi durumunda kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsetmek mant\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tan\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru ve etkili bir \u015fekilde tedavi edilebilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle net bir \u015fekilde te\u015fhis edilmesi gerekmektedir. Var oldu\u011funa dair \u015f\u00fcpheleri do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in ilk a\u015famada jinekolojik muayene ve ultrason yap\u0131l\u0131r \u2013 bunlar, yumurtal\u0131klar\u0131n ve rahmin boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 ve yap\u0131sal \u00f6zelliklerini de\u011ferlendirmek, pelvik organlardaki patolojiyi belirlemek amac\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda hormonlar \u00fczerine kan testi de yap\u0131l\u0131r \u2013 bu, endokrin sistemin ve yumurtal\u0131klar\u0131n i\u015flevlerini belirlemeye olanak tan\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tan\u0131y\u0131 koymada, hasta taraf\u0131ndan 2-3 adet d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc boyunca bazal v\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 grafi\u011finin kendi kendine olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 yararl\u0131 olabilir, bu grafik, ovulasyonun de\u011ferlendirilmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Doktorun takdirine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, folik\u00fcl olgunla\u015fma ve ovulasyon s\u00fcrecinin izlenmesi i\u00e7in ek bir inceleme olarak ultrason izlenimi yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ba\u015fka hangi y\u00f6ntemler uygulan\u0131yor<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile m\u00fccadele, mevcut modern y\u00f6ntemlerin t\u00fcm cephanelerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir, laparoskapi dahil, bu hem tedavi edici hem de tan\u0131sal bir prosed\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Laparoskopi prosed\u00fcr\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda uzman, pelvik organlar\u0131n net bir b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ekranda g\u00f6zlemleme imkan\u0131na sahiptir. Prosed\u00fcr s\u0131ras\u0131nda k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa sebep olan nedenler tespit edilirse, uzman bu nedenleri do\u011frudan i\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131nda giderebilir: endometriozisin odaklar\u0131n\u0131, yumurtal\u0131k kistlerini, yap\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karabilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rahim bo\u015flu\u011funun daha hassas incelenmesi ve ultrason ve s\u0131radan muayene ile te\u015fhis edilemeyen sapmalar\u0131n tespit edilmesi i\u00e7in histeroskopi de uygulan\u0131r. Histerosalpingografi, fallop t\u00fcplerinin a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek amac\u0131yla yap\u0131l\u0131r. Muayene, rahme kontrast madde enjekte edilmesine dayan\u0131r, daha sonra bir dizi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131n K\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tedavisi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tedavi y\u00f6ntemi, patolojinin geli\u015fmesine neden olan fakt\u00f6re ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak belirlenir. Enfeksiyon hastal\u0131klar\u0131 nedeniyle kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda ila\u00e7 tedavisi uygulan\u0131r. B\u00f6yle bir durumda, siprofloksasin, ofloksasin, metrogil, metronidazol ve benzeri ila\u00e7lar gibi antibiyotik tedavisi re\u00e7ete edilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hormonal bozukluk belirtileri g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde konservatif tedavi uygulan\u0131r. Bu tedavi, klomifensitrat, rekombinant veya idrar gonadotropinleri gibi hormon i\u00e7eren ila\u00e7lar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na dayan\u0131r. \u0130mm\u00fcnolojik k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k te\u015fhisi konuldu\u011funda genellikle kortikosteroidler ve antihistaminik ila\u00e7lar re\u00e7ete edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\"Kad\u0131n](\"https:\/\/momslab.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/doctor-performing-ultrasound-scanning-her-pregnant-patient_7502-5429-1024x683.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nHangi Y\u00f6ntemler Kullan\u0131l\u0131r <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla m\u00fccadelede cerrahi tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri de uygulanmaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntemler, genellikle rahim ve fallop t\u00fcplerindeki patolojilerin tespit edilmesi durumunda etkilidir. Bu t\u00fcr durumlarda, hastaya minimum zarar veren minimal invaziv ameliyatlar s\u00f6z konusudur. Bu i\u015flemler sadece hastane ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Bu durumda rehabilitasyon s\u00fcresi 3-5 g\u00fcn\u00fc a\u015fmaz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
En pop\u00fcler cerrahi y\u00f6ntemler aras\u0131nda histeroskopi ve laparoskopi bulunmaktad\u0131r, bu y\u00f6ntemler ayr\u0131ca te\u015fhis ama\u00e7l\u0131 da kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130statistiklere g\u00f6re, yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak \u00fcreme fonksiyonu sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n %30’unda kad\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n psikolojik bir fakt\u00f6rden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumda, hastaya \u015fok durumlar\u0131 ve stres gibi psikolojik fakt\u00f6rler etki eder. B\u00f6yle bir durumda sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcne psikoterapistler ve psikologlar yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Anne olma arzusu, sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 nedeniyle kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmas\u0131na engel olan en do\u011fal kad\u0131n isteklerinden biridir. \u0130statistiklere g\u00f6re, ebeveyn olmak isteyen her \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7iftten…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":7612,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","tstyn_error":""},"categories":[739],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10922","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kadin-sagligi-tr"],"yoast_head":"\n
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